HWP Document File V3.00 г7R":ЙЙЙЙдБЛбЛA╣A1~5,6,7)╥B╒ОG)ccccБдбЛAЛA╣1993eС 10й╢ 13й╖ Боa╢й╖, 18бп 55Ежбw╣бпебw╣б║ЧЙбЧвбw╣бпебw╣б║ЧЙбЧвбw╣бпебw╣б║ЧЙбЧвбw╣бпебw╣б║ЧЙбЧвбw╣бпебw╣ббw╣бпебw╣б║ЧЙбЧвбw╣бдa╚wЛi·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyоБпв·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyИБ╢a 1·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy ·dddddddFш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyЇ╩ /ЇdddddddЇdddddddЇdddddddй╖ее╖ХwЙ ▒пб═б╗С╢a╕aЮ ЇdddddddЇ^/ ЇdddddddЇ╝/ ЇdddddddЇ/ ,ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy,x/A╣вб : бг│Яa╕ A╣сИй╧с╚ БИiдБ╖ A┬х╕хм $,ddddddd,Ф/й╖бп : 2000eС 3й╢ 22й╖(Бо) б╡Б╥ 6:30 - 9:00 ·ddddddd,░ /,dddddddw╕бн : A╣1ееў└ БФA╥Б╖йп ·ddddddd,╠ /,dddddddбебЙбЛє┤ : б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ ·ddddddd,ш /,ddddddd б╖бзEХ(Ibiden)Б║впA╥aм (·ddddddd,/,ddddddd W╡IЙa╨aЧ(Engelhard) a┤бпa┤Б╠бпв╧е╖б┼б╡a╧AЭб╖eн *·ddddddd, /,ddddddd e║eпБасо(Johnson Matthey) с╕Е╠е╖б┼б╡a╧AЭб╖eн  ,ddddddd,</q└aИa╕ : 573wб dddddddX/ ·ddddddd^G/^dddddddddddddd@4 БИA╥е╖aм : ╖ХwЙ ┼╤wЙбех╕ВКw╕ ddddddd╜/╖ХwЙ ┼╤wЙбех╕ВКw╕│╖бУaФ. ·dddddddм/4Ы/hК /Ьy"/╧h$/W&/dddddddб╡iУ, DPF▒пб═б╗ё┤A╡ gаб╖ q└тмБ╨Б║aнсм qИaмs╨бУaФ. ╖ХwЙбХeУ, b╕eС 8й╢б╖БЬ, ╖ХwЙБ╖ БФбЛб╡q╡i╖ с┤¤ШAЙ Б╨смaЬбХ БИхмa╨б╗ g┤a╖eб e┤ EЦaФбЙ a╨eУ iЙБ╖iЯ aФa╣, [бЧI╣a└ NOb╕х╕]б╖aЬ б╖qЯ Ыжa╡е╗ бЧI╣БдЙ┬aИaпБФВ└i╖ е╗Ч╨Б╨ ╓╡sпбУaФ. б╡iУБ╖ A╔aае╖, бЧI╣ бг│Яa╕ A╣сИw╕б├, б╖eЯaд DPFeУ, БФВ└Б╖ Ч║▒пб╖ AЦeУ їИa╖бЭсм, ╖ХwЙi╖ iФбЯeУ бЧI╣a└A╡Б╖ w╕b└i╖ Б┬е╗a╨aЭ a╨бЙ ╢╖eУAХ, б╗qЛaМб╗, й╖ееA╡смeУ, бг│ЯwмБ╚ Йвй╗БФВ└б╖ бгs╙Б╨, й╖Бж х╕ЕвaИ б╖A╢A╡eУ, DPFaИ с┤хШ їИе╖б╗, сИБ╖ i┤aЭa╣ ╢╖б╗ g┤v┤sпбУaФ. с ·dddddddF(/55*/j$,/Э./╬0/ё1/4 р3/f╧5/Ь╛7/╬н9/dddddddб╡iУ, б╖ ▒пб═б╗ё┤i╖ БИA┬e╨ їИe╖, DPFБИiдБ╖ A┬х╕хмA╡ ╢╖eУ ВКБРA╢Б╖ 4БИ бЛє┤A╡см, aФ╖┤e╨ a╚│╖Б╖ DPFБ╖ БКб╣aР a╥┴ЙA╡ БФБ╨ в╗є╕ щмwбq╨a╖бЭс░, DPFA╡ БФe╨ ў╕┬╤e╨ б╖Б╨iЯ │ХбЙa╕a╨бЛ с╢q╨│╖бУaФ. a╡сЬЕж, a┤бпeУ aд┴╡ {Иб╖, б╗eРБ║ вбa╢й╖A╡eУ, й╖ееa╕╖Хa└╖Йє┤A╥┴╡ тмA╖e╡ЧаA╡см бЧI╣БдЙ┬aИaпБФВ└┴Й wЙA╖Б╖ OMA╖╫╤┴╤iЯ |┤wФaЙ е╗Ч╨e╨aФбЙ a╨eУ iдa╬aИ ╢╖Ў┤sпбУaФ. wЙA╖Б╖ OMA╖╫╤┴╤бЭ, б╗qЛaМб╗ й╖ееA╡смeУ aмw╢б╖ с┤aЭ╢╢хФ e╡внБ╕Чмвп DPF бХ│╖б╖ w╢б╖Б╨ │╗бУaФ. ╖ХwЙe╖, б╖хд iдa╬iЯ ┼╤w╡q╨┴Й ╖ХбпA╡, БФбЛб╡q╡б╖ ▒пbИe╨ БФбХбпб╗b╡A╡смeУ, a╨БЮiибЯ с╕A╖╫╤ wЙA╖aИ б╖w╢ aИwУБ╨б╗бХвЭ, aФбп e╨хд тмA╖є┤БЙ a╡сЬЕжA╡AЙ в┴БКa╨eУ aд│╖бУaФ. б╡iУ ▒пб═б╗ё┤A╡смeУ, ╖ХwЙЕкeа a┤бУaЬ х╕ВКA╡см a╕╖Хa└, тмA╖, ёмA╖, ┴╤b╨┼ЙeЭ бЛє┤Б╖ q└aИaИ ╢╖Ў┤sпбУaФ. б╡iУБ╖ ▒пб═б╗ё┤б╖ БЙбЛaИ AЦс┤, й╖ееA╡ ╢╖с┤см DPFБИiд┴Й беsЛб╖ бзв┤т╕a╖бЭ е╗Ч╨IЦ їИi╖ бЛБФa╨eбсм, БИA╥е╖aмiЯ aай├aМ s╨бУaФ. dddddddЬ;/ dddddddЛ=/ ·ddddddd^z?/^dddddddddddddd@4 б╖aпa┐()a╕╖Хa└Б║впA╥aм dddddddЁA/ ·ddddddd▀C/ddddddd;4 iдa╬БРw╢(б╖aпa┐ DPFБ╖ b╦╖╗) #·ddddddd╬E/ddddddd /БЦБИ й╧с╚бЭ щ╕┼╤вп(мMpR_I) a4 e╡внт╕е╖ PM б═│╗б╖ aИwУ dddddddА /х╕i╡б╙с╚бЭ бнbИ a4 e╤Ч╨ wЙA╖A╡бХ A╖a╥ 0·dddddddя/ddddddd /AнaЬвгёмA╖бЭ PMi╖ б═│╗ a4 Ч┬bЙA╡ wИq╨. PM│╖a╕Б╖ a╟бЛA╡ wм┼ЙЇ┤б╖ EЛй╖e╨ б═│╗ ddddddd▐/ ddddddd═/;4 й╗Б╖w╖sФ ·dddddddю ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy╝·/ddddddddddddddЕв e╤Б╕Б╖ aИbЙ, w╕БЬ с┤aУ ў╕бХБ╖ aИbЙб╖ IЦ їИе╖aИ. o·dddddddл ·/5Ъ ю/iЙ ю/ddddddddddddddsФ e╤Б╕ ╖┤eмA┴A╣eУ a┤еУ Боb╕є┤ wмБ╚б╗eа, й╢ 200БФ ў╕бХaИ AЦeб 2е╔a└ i╟БЬaпA╡см DPF eФй╖БИA┴Б╖ aИbЙa╖бЭсм 60eаE╡ ў╕бХ. й╢ 3500БФ ў╕бХaМб╗ iУс┤aРeб, 40eаE╡ ў╕бХбЭ БРaЭiИ їИб╖aФ. dddddddx·/ ·dddddddg·/ddddddddddddddЕв ╖ЙsЛA┴A╣, ў╕бзA┴A╣eУ с┤хШaИ. ╡·ddddddd V·/5Eю/e4ю/Х#ю/ddddddddddddddsФ retrofit ў╕бзA╡ БФБ╨смeУ б╖aпa┐a└A╡ БФБ╨смeУ wФe╡б╙ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└A╡см e╨aФ. a╚aмБ╖ a└A╡ БФБ╨смeУ, ACiдх╕бЛ в╤e╖ е┼a╦йЭсЬ wЧi╖ Бжb└a╨eУ wЧБ╖ х╕бЛБдхмi╖ a╨б╗ g┤i╖ Бо Ї┤бЛ БШЕвA╡ DPFA╡ ┼Йe╨ aФ╖┤e╨ ў╕беeУ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└A╡см A╣╖Йa╨бЙ, bИ aмA╡см БИб╣ БаAУщ┤, ў╕бз БаAУщ┤i╖ eаiЧс┤, bИbИ БФw╖a╨AЙ IЦ їИб╖aФ. ddddddd·/ #·ddddddd·/ddddddddddddddЕв │╖wЙб╖ b╕e╖, Б╡iЯ iЧс┤ 2бгa╟еЭ б╖a╨Б╖ б═│╗I╖e╖ с┤хШaИ. ~·ddddddd Ё·/2▀ ю/b╬"ю/ddddddddddddddsФ AнaЬвгёмA╖е╖ Бжв╗б═iЯ aмw╢a╨бЙ ╢╖бЛ БШЕвA╡, aЛ aФ╖ЙбХeУ EЛй╖a╨б╗ g┤a┤, e╟ їИБжс╚ b╕e╖ їИaМб╗ aФ╖┤a╨aФ. aФ╖┤e╨ a╟бЛБ╖ PMi╖ сИБ╖ й╖IЯт╕a╖бЭ б═│╗i╨ Бо ╢╖aФбЙ a╨eУ iЙ┴ЙaИ aР┴╡ ╢╖aФ. б═│╗I╖e╖ БФБИ 70-70%ў╕бХ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy╜$/ ·dddddddм&/ddddddd;4 б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ iдa╬a╕aЮ ЕжтмБ╖eЙ 4dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyЫ(·/- AнaЬвгёмA╖(Si-Ti-C-O)й╧с╚A╡ х╕бЛб╙с╚ wдвп: AнaЬвгёмA╖й╧с╚бЭсм Б║qЯе╢╖╔w╤a╖бЭ aмw╢ 2·dddddddК*·/ddddddd- Dual(й╧с╚iЯ 2БИ aмw╢a╨a╡ aКБФбЭ б═│╗ ╣г Б╕Чм) wдвп: б═│╗ 2бпeИ Б╕Чм 15Еж  ·dddddddy,·/ddddddd- ╖ХwЙбп wЧ 30БФ бпё╨Е╢Ч╨ Ч║ : 8eаkm б╖wм Б║Ч╨ ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyh./ - b╦Боa└╖Ь(б═a╟бЯa╧a╦)A╡ 20БФ s╚Б╕ dddddddW0/ y·dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy F2·/254q/b$6q/ddddddd84й╖ееA╡смeУ DPF БИiдi╖ с╢a╨a╡ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ Б║┼Йa╖бЭ бЧI╣a╕╖Хa└┴╡ JARI(a╕╖Хa└e╡БКбн)aИ q└a╡a╨eУ е┼бнбпС╢ e╡БКaИ в┤ 5eСeИ е╗Ч╨AЦс┤ ╓╡a╖aР, A┬eЛБ╖ ╖Х╖╨a╖бЭeУ A╢ВКбЛЙоA╡ сФ e╟ ┼Й▒пi╖ БЦбЙ ╢╖eУ їИa╖бЭ ЕжтмQЦ. ^ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy^8/ ^ddddddd^Й:/ ·ddddddd^ </^dddddddddddddd@4 б╖бзEХ(Ibiden)Б║впA╥aм dddddddu?/ ddddddddA/;4 iдa╬БРw╢ ·dddddddSC/ddddddd /йпбЯе┼ a─aдб╖aЧ(SiC) й╧с╚aмw╢  ·dddddddBE/ddddddd - б═│╗I╖б╖ ╝СaФ, s┤bЭенйпб╖ т╕aФ, б═│╗e╨БЙaИ ╝СaФ dddddddА dddddddя/;4 й╗Б╖w╖sФ 0·dddddddю ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy▐·/ddddddddddddddЕв DPFA╡ БФБ╨ forkliftw╢ Екeа a┤бУaЬ й╖eд a╕╖Хa└бЭБ╖ aмw╢ Б╡ў╕e╖ с┤хШaИ. А·ddddddd═·/2╝ю/fл ю/ddddddddddddddsФ A╢Бжх╕bЭ б╙с╚бпaпQ╔, FAбХ aФ╖┤a╨AЙ a╨бЙ ╢╖aФ. УA▀C A╥aм┴╡ aЛ Бжb└б╖aР смбзaпiЯ б═q╨Б╨, e╤Б╕ yб БФA╡ w╕b└a╨бЛ бпb╕e╨ й╖Бж a╦тЬi╖ Ч║▒пa╖бЭ forkliftЕкeа a┤бУaЬ б╙с╚бпaпQ╔i╖ б╖w╢Б╨ a╦тЬa╖бЭБ╖ aмw╢i╖ AОa╨бЙ ╢╖aФ. dddddddЪ ·/ ·dddddddЙ ·/ddddddddddddddЕв ё└aИA╣е╖ AнбЯС╢б╖ хИwИA╡ бгб├eУ w╡╖╨e╖ с┤хШaИ. ╣·dddddddx·/7gю/gVю/ШEю/ddddddddddddddsФ (PSA PEUGEOT CITROENБ╖ A╥sФ) Баe╡Б╖ e╡бн(Б╕Чм)aИ w╢б╖Б╨б╗бХвЭ AнбЯС╢i╖ ё└aИA╣бЭ aмw╢a╨бЙ ╢╖eУAХ, AнбЯС╢ a╕A┴aИ БФбЛЧ║a╖бЭ БдЙ┬AЦeУ й╖e╖ Ї┤бЙ, ббБЦ й╧с╚A╡см б═│╗AЦбЛ БШЕвA╡ PSA й╧с╚ Б╕ЧмбпaпQ╔A╡ ╢╖с┤смeУ х╕a╤ ЕвA╣aИ Ї┤aФбЙ ЧмbИEЦaФ. бЩ AнбЯС╢ a╕A┴Б╖ хИwИA╡ БФe╨ w╡╖╨A╡ БФe╨ Евх╨бХ е╣Б╕a╨б╗ g┤eУaФ. ddddddd4·/ .·ddddddd#·/ddddddddddddddЕв б╖хд бпaпQ╔i╖ s╚Б╕e╨ бЧI╣wпw╢a└A╡ БФБ╨, aИbЙт╕a╖бЭ с┤aУ ў╕бХ w╗aИi╨ їИе╖aИ. │·dddddddK·/8ю/kЁю/Щ▀ ю/ddddddddddddddsФ (PSA PEUGEOT CITROENБ╖ A╥sФ) б╖ 607 ббIХA╡ ┼ЙБ╨смeУ, б╖хд DPF бпaпQ╔e╖ common raili╖ aмw╢a╨eУ БмбЭЕ╢ E╡е╗бпaпQ╔Б╖ й╖┼╤a╖бЭсм ╖┴s╨т╕a╖бЭ БИiдЦ╨бЛ БШЕвA╡, б╗qЛaМб╗ eаiЧс┤е╗ х╕AнБФ E╡е╗┴Й бзaКБ╨ {Иe╖ б┼aпa╦бЭ т┤A╣e╨aФ. бЙВИБ╖ │╖w╕A╡см беa┤ DPFaИ w╕b└AЦс┤бХ aИbЙe╖ eе┴╤aИ Ї┤aФ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy╬"/ ·ddddddd╜$/ddddddd;4 б╖бзAХ(Ibiden)Б║впA╥aм iдa╬a╕aЮ ЕжтмБ╖eЙ /·dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyм&·/ddddddd- SiC(йпбЯе┼a─aдб╖aЧ) й╧с╚aмw╢, ё└aИA╣, в┴Ба, х╕бЛб╙с╚ wЧ aФ╖┤e╨ wдвп беA╖ !dddddddЫ(·/- Peugeot 607(wЙA╖wпw╢a└)A╡ й╡Б╨Бжс╚ Бжb└ e╠Ба dddddddК*·/- A╖єЬA╡ 7300БФ aмw╢ Ч║ $·ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyy,/ddddddd 84SiC й╧с╚aИ Б║a╢e╨ БРw╢б╖aб бпaпQ╔e╖ бЛе╣Б╖ бпaпQ╔ т╕w╢ ·dddddddh./ddddddd $·ddddddd·┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyW0·/ddddddddddddddq└бЙ : PSA Peugeot Citroenaм ё└aИA╣wдвп wпw╢a└ NdddddddF2·/954//PeugeotA╡смeУ 2.2бЯс╚ бЙsЛ wЙA╖wпw╢a└е╖ Model 605A╡ 2000eСБжс╚ ё└aИA╣wдвп Баe╡a╡┴Йw╕б├ w╕b└i╖ iдa╬, w╕б├Б╖ b╦╖╗a╖бЭeУ 6ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy$6/- Porous silicon carbide substrate й╧с╚iЯ aмw╢a╨a╡ aИbЙi╖ с╕qИбпб╟бЙ >·ddddddd8/dddddddddddddd ddddddd- RhodiaA╡см Чмeмe╨ Cerium-based Eolys ё└aИA╣iЯ aмw╢a╨aб 450oC б╖a╨A╡см Б╕Чмб╖ aИwУ 4·ddddddd:/ddddddd- Oxidation catalystiЯ х╕wдA╡ aмw╢a╨a╡ бгe╡e╚┴╤Бобн e╡бнбЭ iдi╡i╖ бпб╟aб, ?·dddddddё;/ddddddd·ddddddd- Commonrail e╡aЮw╕б├A╡см multiple post-injectiona╖бЭ БдЙ┬aИaп е╡бХiЯ wмwпбпе╟aФ. J·dddddddр=/dddddddddddddd dddddddddddddd dddddddddddddd ddddddd : БдбЛе╡бХ 150oC + Common rail post injection 200-250oC wмwп + eм┴╤в┴Ба 100oC wмwп ·ddddddd╧?/dddddddddddddd ddddddd a4 450oC б╖wм "ddddddd╛A/- 400-500kmБ║бЛaаaФ wИA╣бЭ Б╕Чм, wИA╣Б╕Чмi╖ с╢a╨a╡ '·dddddddнC/ddddddd- й╧с╚БРA╡ }░е╖ Б╕(ash)eУ 80,000kmaаaФ ЙвбЭсм Aнт└e╨aФ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyЬE/ ·ddddddd^А^dddddddddddddd@4 W╡IЙa╨aЧ(Engelhard) a┤бпa┤с╠бпв╧ ╖╖a╟ dddddddv/ ·ddddddde/ddddddd;4 iдa╬БРw╢ (W╡IЙa╨aЧaм DPXБ╖ b╦╖╗) ·dddddddT/ddddddd /AнБЙ bИб╗A╡см Е╢х╕Ч║a╖бЭ, е╖w╗hдбЙ ╢╖aФ. ·dddddddC/ddddddd /БРБКўм ╢╖eУ БдЙ┬aИaп A╣с┤ўмi╖ йпw╗hдбЙ ╢╖aФ. ddddddd2 / /й╖ееБ╖ e╡aЮA╖╫╤AЭIеA╡бХ БФw╖ aИwУa╨aФ. ddddddd! / /eИeФa╨AЙ w╕b└i╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. ddddddd/ /AнБЙ bИ ╖Йw╕a╖бЭ aдбЭ ╖ЙsЛi╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. ddddddd / dddddddю/;4 й╗Б╖w╖sФ ·dddddddю ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy▌·/ddddddddddddddЕв A╖╫╤╖Ьб╖ gаa┤бХ aмw╢ aИwУe╨ їИe╖ с╡е╖aИ? ¤·ddddddd ╠·/8╗ю/kкю/аЩю/╬Ию/ddddddddddddddsФ DPXбЛЙоe╖ сКqЛвн в┴Ба┴╡ Aеб╖aп Aбi╚в┴БаБ╖ dual function бЛwУi╖ ╔╤w╢e╨ їИб╖aФ. сКqЛвн в┴БаeУ щмс╠(sulphur)бЭ й╖Бж б╧вХi╖ hдб╗eа, Aеб╖aп Aбi╚в┴БаeУ щмс╠aИ ╢╖с┤бХ w╡╖╨i╖ hдб╗ g┤eУaФ. aШaЬсм б╖ dual functionбЛwУi╖ б╖w╢Б╨ сКqЛвн в┴БаБ╖ b╡i╨i╖ б╣ў╕q╨a╖бЭс░ ╖╔wмБ╖ E╡е╗Е╢х╕б╣хИA╡ ╢╖с┤см щмA═б╖a╦ Чмўмi╖ xРЙ┬ Бо ╢╖бЛ БШЕвA╡ A╖╫╤╖Ьб╖ gаa┤бХ PMi╖ bмqИi╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. wФe╡б╙, A╖╫╤╖Ьб╖ т╕a╖eб беaФ ╜╣e╖ ўмwУi╖ iдс╥e╨aФ. dddddddw·/ #·dddddddf!·/ddddddddddddddЕв a└╖Ь a╟бЛiе aИbЙ┴Й с┤сШe╨ maintenanceaИ й╧a╢e╨aИ ·ddddddd U#·/4D%ю/k3'ю/Ю")ю/╬V+ю/-ю/ddddddddddddddsФ a└╖ЬБ╖ aмб╖a╗A╡ aШaЬ, в╤e╖ E╡е╗ бЛ╖╣A╡ aШaЬ, b╦б╙ DPXБ╖ aИbЙe╖ eеa╨б╗ g┤eУaФ. х╕w╤т╕е╖ aИbЙe╖ 50eаE╡- 70eаE╡ ёдс╢aИ AЦбЙ ╢╖aФ. A╖й╖a╨AЙ й╧a╢e╨ maintenanceбЭсмeУ, 1eСA╡ e╨хд ў╕бХ DPXiЯ i╟бЯ╖УБ╨ Б║eУ їИе╖AХ, aЛ езбХA╡ БФБ╨смeУ a└╖ЬБ╖ 1й╖ Б║Ч╨сИбЯ, с┤aУ ў╕бХбЭ б╡БЬEЦ a└╖Ье╖aИA╡ aШaЬ aФaЯaФ. бЩ, ╖╔wмт╕е╖ E╡е╗b├ ў╕бзaИ б╖БЮс┤б╗eУ їИб╖ б╣хИб╖aФ. Maintenancewдєдe╖ dJzH ╣г й╧с╚ e┤c╠Б╖ eдх╕("FгM)б╖aФ. 2-4бпeИa╖бЭ maintenanceeУ {ПaРAЙ EЦaФ. dddddddя.·/ 7·ddddddd ▐0·/3═2ю/ddddddddddddddЕв бЧI╣E╡е╗ ╖╣AЯiебЭ DPX a╚│╖б╖ ╢╖eУ їИ {Иe╖AХ, bИbИБ╖ bмqИa╥I╖e╖ a╚│╖A╡ aШaЬ aФaЯб╗ g┤e╖aИ R·ddddddd ╝4·/4л6ю/ddddddddddddddsФ DPXA╡ aШeЯ б╔i╚ PMБ╖ bмqИI╖e╖ й╧с╚a╚│╖e╖ a┤бУбЙ, A╔aпa╦ aмб╖i╟, БдЙ┬aИaп е╡бХ, E╡е╗a╚│╖ ╣г e╡aЮБРБ╖ A╖╫╤AЭIеA╡ aШaЬ w╡╖╨i╖ hдeУaФ. dddddddЪ8·/ >·dddddddЙ:·/3x<ю/ddddddddddddddЕв ╖ХwЙБ╖ wЙБ╢, ў╕A┴aИ ▒пe╨AХ, aпб╧aЧaИ aРб╗ g┤eУ б╣хИA╡см БдбЛе╡бХaИ б╡aЯб╗ g┤eУAХ, aЛБЬбХ б╖w╢ aИwУe╨aИ ╥·dddddddg>·/3 V@ю/d EBю/Ф 4Dю/─юАddddddddddddddsФ DPXaИ s╚Б╕aИwУe╨б╗ с┤хШб╗eУ bИ a└╖Ьi╖ ё╕ёИi╨ й╧a╢aИ ╢╖eУAХ, б╖eУ DPXiЯ w╕b└a╨eУ b╕є┤Б╖ a╨aРб╖aФ. DPXeУ й╖Бж a└╖ЬA╡ ╢╖с┤см ╖ХwЙA╡смбХ ЕвA╣Ї┤б╖ aИwУi╨ їИa╖бЭ ееaФ. 15km ў╕бХБ╖ с╕внЕ╢х╕е╖ wЙБ╢A╡бХ Ч┬Ежб╙ a╥┴ЙiЯ iдс╥a╨бЙ ╢╖aФeУ йпт╕б╖ ╢╖aФ. e╡aЮБРБ╖ A╖╫╤╖Ьб╖ с╕a╨EЦ wЙБ╢, в┴БаБ╖ wУbЭб╖ беaФ iдс╥AЦбЛ БШЕвA╡ aФ╖┤e╨ E╡е╗б╖aР w╢бХA╡ т╕w╖i╨ Бо ╢╖AЙ EЦaФ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyя/ ·ddddddd▐/ddddddd;4 W╡IЙa╨aЧ iдa╬a╕aЮ ЕжтмБ╖eЙ ·dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy═·/ddddddd- сКqЛвнв┴Ба┴╡ AнaЬвгй╧с╚ aмw╢ a4 ббIХwб DPX !ddddddd╝·/ : PM 70-90%, CO 80%, HC 80% с╕qИ dddddddл ·/- A╖єЬ 2000БФ, a┤бпa┤, qРбг 1000БФ )dddddddЪ ·/- БФeаБ╖ БбЧI╣a└БдбЛaИaпБФВ└беб╣qЛA╣бХВ a╧бЭaЛСЬA╡ q└a╡ 1000БФ Бжb└ &dddddddЙ ·/ (Баe╡ 98% с╕qИ, PM 76%, CO 60%, HC 56%) 8·dddddddx·/ddddddd- w╡ВКБ╖ БVED(Vehicle Exercise Duty) Incentive ProgramВ е╖ў╕ dddddddg·/- 350ppm A╖╫╤e╡aЮA╡см aмw╢aИwУ #·dddddddV·/ddddddd- 20000бпeИ БРБК┬╤е╖: бгВК бХбЭA╡см 20eаaай╖ БРБК┬╤е╖ М·ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy E/24/b#/ddddddd84в┴БаiЯ б╖w╢e╨ w╕б├бЭсм БдбЛaИaпе╡бХA╡ w╡╖╨i╖ hдa╖aб(b╕╖Хе╡бХA╡ БФe╨ щмwбe╖ Ї┤qп), бпБРсдaпБ╖ wЙБ╢A╡eУ aИwУa╨aР бнw╤┴╤Йвб╖aР wпw╢a└ wЧ БдЙ┬aИaпе╡бХaИ xРe╖ a└╖ЬA╡eУ aмw╢A╡ ЕвA╣aИ ╢╖i╖ їИa╖бЭ e╠eФ. e╡aЮБ╖ A╖╫╤ўмЕжA╡eУ w╡╖╨б╖ т╕e╖ їИб╖ e╟ w╕ё╕▒╖. ddddddd/ ddddddd/ "·ddddddd^Ё/^dddddddddddddd@4 e║eпБасо(Johnson Matthey) с╕E═е╖б┼б═AЭб╖б╦aЧ dddddddf!/ dddddddU#/;4 iдa╬БРw╢(CRTБ╖ b╦╖╗) dddddddD%/A╖╫╤╖СбХaИ xРe╖ wЙA╖iЯ aмw╢a╨eУ їИa╖бЭ: #ddddddd3'/ /CRTeУ, PM, HC, COБ╖ ╝Сe╖ A╣сИўмwУi╖ бее╖aФ. $ddddddd")/ /0.2M6б╖a╨Б╖ PMA╡ БФБ╨смбХ 90%б╖wм A╣сИi╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. ddddddd+/ /w╕бЛeИ aмw╢ Б╥A╡бХ Ч┬Ежe╨ b╦ўмб╖ A╖б╗EЦaФ. ddddddd-/ dddddddя./;4 й╗Б╖w╖sФ ·dddddddю ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy▐0·/ddddddddddddddЕв a╟бЛiе aИbЙe╖ с┤хШaИ Х·ddddddd═2·/5 ╝4ю/hл6ю/ddddddddddddddsФ Бо╖Ь, a╟бЛA╡ aШaЬ сН e╟ a└б╖aИ ╢╖aФ. БФw╤ сдaпA╡смeУ, aИbЙБФбЭсм, 55eаE╡Бжс╚ 88eаE╡ў╕бХБ╖ ёдс╢б╖aФ. Ч║w╤Б╖ ёдс╢A╡см 20eаA╡см 60eа ў╕бХ(ў╕┬╤a╨AЙeУ 66eаE╡), бнw╤e╖ БФБжЕжБ╖ wЙБ╢aИ, ╖┤A╡ aШaЯeУAХ, ╖┤б╖ iУс┤aРeб, 11eаA╡см 17eа ў╕бХaИ EЦaФ. dddddddЪ8·/  ·dddddddЙ:·/ddddddddddddddЕв w╕b└ бпeИe╖ с┤хШaИ n·ddddddd x<·/3g>ю/dV@ю/ddddddddddddddsФ бзбЧб╡A╡ aР┴╡ ╢╖eУ їИe╖, БФБИ eдaРщ╕б╖eб w╕b└i╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. i╧ЕЬб╗бЭ w╕b└a╨бХвЭ щмБЙaИ ╖╣aЮAЦс┤ ╢╖a╖eб, a╢х─БФ Aбе╖ aаБ╥aЬ┴╡ {Иe╖ aмб╖a╗бЭ щмБЙAЦс┤ ╢╖a╖eб, 1-2бпeИб╖eб w╕b└i╨ Бо ╢╖aФ. dddddddEB·/ ·ddddddd4D·/ddddddddddddddЕв maintenanceeУ с┤хШaИ 1·ddddddd·АddddddddddddddsФ БФБИ 1eСб╖aР 10eа й╟бЭA╡см й╧с╚iЯ сЦ│╗с┤ Б╕iЯ A╣сИa╨eУ eИeФe╨ wдєдб╖eб {ПeРaФ. dddddddя·/ ,·ddddddd▐·/ddddddddddddddЕв A╖єЬA╡см йпт╕б╖ ╢╖eУAХ, епa└A╡Б╖ w╕b└е╖aИ aмw╢┴Йў╕Ч║е╖ a└A╡Б╖ w╕b└е╖aИ. 3·ddddddd═·/0╝ю/ddddddddddddddsФ ббБЦ aмw╢┴Йў╕Ч║е╖ a└б╖aФ. йебеaР aРбзaпс╚A╡смeУ б╖A╣Бжс╚ OEMa╖бЭсм епa└A╡ w╕b└e╨aФ. dddddddл ·/ -·dddddddЪ ·/ddddddddddddddЕв ╖ХwЙ┴Й {Иб╖ ў╕A┴aИ ▒пБ╨, с╕вне╖ wЙБ╢A╡бХ aмw╢б╖ aИwУe╨aИ. a╥I╖б╖ aРeУaИ. D·dddddddЙ ·/3xю/ddddddddddddddsФ в┴БаaИ Ыжс┤ ╢╖a╖aгбЭ, е╡бХaИ й╧a╢Б╨е╗aФ. Б╡iЯ iЧс┤, E╡е╗A╡ eЛє╕бпa┼ ╜СхФб╗, бЩeУ бее╡a╨eУ їИa╖бЭ БФw╖ aИwУa╨aФ. dddddddg·/ 4·dddddddV·/ddddddddddddddЕв NOx┴╡ C Б╖ бзI╖б╖ 15Бд б╖wм e┤AЦeб aмw╢i╨ Бо Ї┤aФбЙ a╨eУ Б╖eЙб╖ ╢╖eУAХ с┤хШaИ. x·dddddddE·/3 4ю/h#ю/ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddsФ б╖еЭт╕a╖бЭeУ 8б╖wмб╖eб бЛwУe╨aФ. e╡aЮБРБ╖ A╖╫╤б╖ ╝Сa╖eб, й╧a╢e╨ NOx/PMбзeУ ╝Сa┤е╗aФ. бЩ, е╡бХaИ Ч┬Ежб╙ ╝Сa┤б╗eб, xРe╖ NOx/PMбзA╡смбХ бЛwУe╨aФ. 15б╖wмб╖eб, БФБжЕжБ╖ wЙБ╢A╡ бЛwУбпй╟ Бо ╢╖aФ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy/ ·ddddddd/ddddddddddddddddddddd;4 e║eпБасо iдa╬a╕aЮ ЕжтмБ╖eЙ !dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyЁ·/- eм┴╤в┴Ба┴╡ AнaЬвгй╧с╚aмw╢ e╡внБ╕Чмwдвп : ббIХwб CRT ;·ddddddd▀ ·/ddddddddddddddddddddd- 8770БФ aмw╢ Ч║: aп┴╢EХ(сдaп 2200БФ, a╦тЬ 1600БФ), w╡ВК 2000БФ, AУb╢ 50БФбпё╨Ч║ ddddddd╬"·/- с╕A╖╫╤(10ppm) e╡aЮa╢БК В·ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy╜$/1м&/aЫ(/ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd·ddddddd84W╡IЙa╨aЧaР aаe└aИб╗бЭ в┴БаiЯ б╖w╢e╨ w╕б├бЭсм БдбЛaИaпе╡бХA╡ w╡╖╨i╖ hдa╖aб, бпБРсдaпБ╖ wЙБ╢A╡eУ aИwУa╨aР бнw╤┴╤Йвб╖aР wпw╢a└ wЧ БдЙ┬aИaпе╡бХaИ xРe╖ a└╖ЬA╡eУ aмw╢A╡ ЕвA╣aИ ╢╖i╖ їИa╖бЭ e╠eФ. б┴с╕A╖╫╤e╡aЮiЯ й╧a╢бЭ a╨eУ їИб╖ eФё╕▒╖. ddddddd·┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyК*·/ ·dddddddy,·/ddddddddddddddddddddd·ddddddd<Johnson MattheyaмБ╖ CRTwдвп> g·dddddddh.·/5W0/ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd·ddddddd/Johnson Matthey A╥aмA╡см БИiдe╨ в┴Баwдвп Баe╡a╡┴Йw╕б├eУ б═│╗EЦ │╖a╕wмЙвй╗i╖ e╡внт╕a╖бЭ eм┴╤бпб╟aб CRT(Continuous Regeneration Trap)a╖бЭ ЙжеЯaФ. t·ddddddd\F2·/654/dddddddddddddd@ddddddd·ddddddd/Б─бУaпс╚ БРБжA╡ й╧с╚aИ 2БИ щмб├AЦс┤ ╢╖a╖aб, х╕eФБ╖ ВдqЛeм┴╤в┴Ба (platinum-based oxidation catalyst)A╡смeУ eм┴╤eдw╖a╖бЭ NOiЯ NO2бЭ eе┼╤бпб╟aб, CO┴╡ HCбХ с╕qИбпе╟aФ. Ь·ddddddd3$6·/38/y:/dddddddddddddd@ddddddd·ddddddd/й╖eдт╕a╖бЭ e╚бн│╖a╕eУ 550)4б╖wмA╡см e╡бнAЦaР, NO2eУ 250)4A╡смбХ e╚бн│╖a╕aИ eм┴╤i╨ Бо ╢╖бХвЭ b╕w╢a╨aб aШaЬсм Б╥eФA╡ щмб├EЦ й╧с╚(cordierite wall flow particulate filter)A╡ б═│╗EЦ PMe╖ БдбЛaИaп е╡бХaИ 250)4 б╖wмб╖eб e╡вн Б╕ЧмEЦaФ. j·dddddddё;·/1р=/b╧?/ddddddd·ddddddd/ё└aИA╣wдвп┴Й в┴Баwдвпe╖ й╧с╚ БРA╡см e╡внБ╕Чмб╖ й╖с┤aРaгбЭ, й╧с╚A╡ б═│╗EЦ Баe╡Б╖ ╖┤б╖ т╕с┤ E╡е╗Б╖ Бдs┤i╖ xРe╖ БоЕ║a╖бЭ A╖б╗q╨a╖бЭс░ a╚w╕б├A╡ бзБ╨ e╡бзb┤┴╤┴╡ E╡е╗ўмwУБ╖ с╕a╨ a╢е╖б╖ т╕aФ. q·ddddddd╛A·/7нC/ddddddd/ўмwУe╖ PM┴Й CO, HCiЯ 90%БоЕ║a╖бЭ с╕qИбпб╟aб, NOxeУ 3-8%ў╕бХ qИбнe╨aФ. b╦б╙ PMЧ║ 10nm-250nm a╟бЛБ╖ nanoparticle Бо╖ЬбХ e╤с╕a╨AЙ qИбнa╨eУ їИa╖бЭ iдa╬AЦбЙ ╢╖aФ. ddddddd┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uyЬE/  ·ddddddd^А^ddddddd·ddddddd@4 DPF йпa└бпё╨iЙ┴Й ,dddddddqЙ■┤ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy,v·// бпё╨БРw╢ ·ddddddd,Т·/,ddddddd·ddddddd 1) бмбп╖ХbЭБЙwмA╡см PM с╕qИI╖ b├ў╕ (·ddddddd,о·/,ddddddd,ddddddd,ddddddd,ddddddd,ddddddd·ddddddd - W╡IЙa╨aЧ DPX 2БФ : бпБРсдaп1БФ, ┴╤Йвa└2БФ(8,10е╔) ·ddddddd,╩·/,ddddddd·ddddddd - e║eпAббп CRT 1БФ : бпБРсдaп1БФ ·ddddddd,ц ·/,ddddddd·ddddddd - б╖aпa┐ 3БФ : ┴╤Йвa└3БФ(2,4,14е╔)  ·ddddddd, ·/,ddddddd·ddddddd 2) йпa└бпё╨ ·ddddddd,·/,ddddddd·ddddddd - б╖aпa┐ 53БФ : сдaп5БФ, ┴╤Йвa└ 48БФ ,ddddddd,:·/  ·ddddddd,V·/,ddddddd·ddddddd/ PM A╣сИI╖ iЙ┴Й ·ddddddd┴r·/ tЯ ########/+{u+┴ЇqC╩@@╩@@8Я ╩Е@╫╩╩@╫X ╩@@╩З@З╩З@З8╩З@ЗG╩╚З@З╩╚З@З╫╩З@З╫╩╚З@ЗЯ#╩╚З@Зg'╩╚З@ЗQ@QЗ@З8QЗ@ЗGQ╚З@ЗQ╚З@З╫QЗ@З╫Q╚З@ЗЯ#Q╚З@Зg'Q╚З@З╪З@З8╪З@ЗG╪╚З@З╪╚З@З╫╪З@З╫╪╚З@ЗЯ#╪╚З@Зg'╪╚З@З_З@З_З@З8_З@ЗG_╚З@З_╚З@З╫_З@З╫_╚З@ЗЯ#_╚З@Зg'_╚З@Зц З@Зц З@З8ц З@ЗGц ╚З@Зц ╚З@З╫ц З@З╫ц ╚З@ЗЯ#ц ╚З@Зg'ц ╚З@Зm З@Зm З@З8m З@ЗGm ╚З@Зm ╚З@З╫m З@З╫m ╚З@ЗЯ#m ╚З@Зg'm ╚З@ЗЇ З@ЗЇ З@З8Ї З@ЗGЇ ╚З@ЗЇ ╚З@З╫Ї З@З╫Ї ╚З@ЗЯ#Ї ╚З@Зg'Ї ╚З@З·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╒ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╒ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·вX ·ddddddd·dddddddDPX  ·ddddddd·E X ·ddddddd·ddddddd(Engelhard) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·═╣CRT ·ddddddd·Eт╣ ·К╘╣·ddddddd·ddddddd(Johnson Matthey) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy· ·ddddddd·dddddddб╖aпa┐ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·2╒w╨ вб ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·w╒b├ў╕ббaЧ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·м╚·ddddddd·ddddddd8е╔a└ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·JБ·ddddddd·ddddddd10е╔a└ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╟Бсдaп ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·у╣сдaп ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ИБ·ddddddd·ddddddd2е╔a└ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ИБ·ddddddd·ddddddd4е╔a└ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·JБ·ddddddd·ddddddd14е╔a└ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·Z╒·ddddddd·dddddddPMс╕qИI╖(%) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·O╒D-13ббaЧ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·I╚87. ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ80.1 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ91.9 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╣92.7 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ77.6 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ75.5 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·yБ- ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·}╒╖ХwЙБ║Ч╨Б╠х╚ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy· ╚96.8 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ99.0 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ98.2 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╣96.6 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ73.1 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ58.2 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ80.7 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╒·ddddddd·dddddddNOxс╕qИI╖(%) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·}╒╖ХwЙБ║Ч╨Б╠х╚ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·I╚1.1 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·%Б8.3 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·%Б4.0 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy··╣-1.4 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ЯБ-13.3 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·▐Б-4.0 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·▐Б-1.3 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·l╒·ddddddd·dddddddCOс╕qИI╖(%) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·}╒╖ХwЙБ║Ч╨Б╠х╚ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy· ╚89.0 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ80.2 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ97.3 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╣98.4 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ15.3 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ЯБ-14.4 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ЯБ-13.2 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·h╒·ddddddd·dddddddHCс╕qИI╖(%) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·}╒╖ХwЙБ║Ч╨Б╠х╚ ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy· ╚88.9 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ89.8 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ94.2 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╣91.7 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·ЯБ-18.7 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·▐Б-7.6 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·▐Б-4.6 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·&╒·ddddddd·dddddddБаe╡с╕qИI╖(%) ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·}╒·ddddddd·dddddddБвБжa╨sЛaИвн ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·)╚100 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·Б100 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·Б100 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·╣75.0 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·чБ84.4 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·Б100 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy·Б100 ·dddddddВш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy}·.+ ·dddddddЇ╚ш╨╕ аИpX@(#'°*р.╚2░6Ш:А>hBPF8J NRЁU╪Y└]иaРexi`mHq0uy√$Ї/ddddddd ОG      2d▄D8АЖNBMЖN6(tдPJААААААААА└└└└▄└Ё╩ж■■■ёёёффф╓╓╓╔╔╔╗╗╗оообббУУУЖЖЖxxxkkk]]]PPPCCC555((( ╚╠°░░°ШШ°АА°`d°HL°00°°°р╚░ШБ`H╚ф°░╪°Ш╠°А╝°`м°Hд°0Ш°М°|°pрd╚X░LШ@А0` H╚№°░№°Ш№°А№°`№°H№°0№°№°№°фр╠╚░░ШШББd`LH╚№р░№╪Ш№╚А№╕`№░H№а0№Ш№И№xфp╠`░XШHА@d0L ╚№╚░№░Ш№ША№А`№`H№H0№0№№ф╠░ШБdLр№╚╪№░╚№Ш╕№А░№`а№HШ№0И№x№pф`╠X░HШ@А0d L°№╚°№░°№Ш°№А°№`°№H°№0°№°№рф╚╠░░ШШББ`dHL°ф╚°╪░°╠Ш°╝А°░`°дH°Ш0°М°|рp╚d░XШLА@`0H$°╠╚°░░°ШШ°АА°d`°LH°00°°р╚░ШБ`H°╠р°░╪°Ш╚°А╕°d░°Lа°0Ш°И°xрp╚`░XШHА@`0H °╠°°░°°Ш°°А°°d°°H°°0°°°°°рр╚╚││ШШББ``HHр╠°╪░°╚Ш°╕А°░d°аL°Ш0°И°x°pр`╚X░HШ@А0` H╚▄°╕╘°░╠°а─°Р┤ЁАдрpШ╪XИ╚Hx╕@p░@hа8dШ8`Р0XИ0Tx HpxdШИdШШdШШdxШd`Шp`Ш|`ШШ`Ё√ дааААА                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     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▒пб═б╗С╢a╕aЮ A╣вб : бг│Яa╕ A╣сИй╧с╚ БИiдБ╖ A┬х╕хм й╖бп : 2000eС 3й╢ 22й╖(Бо) б╡Б╥ 6:30 - 9:00 w╕бн : A╣1ееў└ БФA╥Б╖йп бебЙбЛє┤ : б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ б╖бзEХ(Ibiden)Б║впA╥aм W╡IЙa╨aЧ(Engelhard) a┤бпa┤Б╠бпв╧е╖б┼б╡a╧AЭб╖eн e║eпБасо(Johnson Matthey) с╕Е╠е╖б┼б╡a╧AЭб╖eн q└aИa╕ : 573wб @4 БИA╥е╖aм : ╖ХwЙ ┼╤wЙбех╕ВКw╕ ╖ХwЙ ┼╤wЙбех╕ВКw╕│╖бУaФ. б╡iУ, DPF▒пб═б╗ё┤A╡ gаб╖ q└тмБ╨Б║aнсм qИaмs╨бУaФ. ╖ХwЙбХeУ, b╕eС 8й╢б╖БЬ, ╖ХwЙБ╖ БФбЛб╡q╡i╖ с┤¤ШAЙ Б╨смaЬбХ БИхмa╨б╗ g┤a╖eб e┤ EЦaФбЙ a╨eУ iЙБ╖iЯ aФa╣, [бЧI╣a└ NOb╕х╕]б╖aЬ б╖qЯ Ыжa╡е╗ бЧI╣БдЙ┬aИaпБФВ└i╖ е╗Ч╨Б╨ ╓╡sпбУaФ. б╡iУБ╖ A╔aае╖, бЧI╣ бг│Яa╕ A╣сИw╕б├, б╖eЯaд DPFeУ, БФВ└Б╖ Ч║▒пб╖ AЦeУ їИa╖бЭсм, ╖ХwЙi╖ iФбЯeУ бЧI╣a└A╡Б╖ w╕b└i╖ Б┬е╗a╨aЭ a╨бЙ ╢╖eУAХ, б╗qЛaМб╗, й╖ееA╡смeУ, бг│ЯwмБ╚ Йвй╗БФВ└б╖ бгs╙Б╨, й╖Бж х╕ЕвaИ б╖A╢A╡eУ, DPFaИ с┤хШ їИе╖б╗, сИБ╖ i┤aЭa╣ ╢╖б╗ g┤v┤sпбУaФ. б╡iУ, б╖ ▒пб═б╗ё┤i╖ БИA┬e╨ їИe╖, DPFБИiдБ╖ A┬х╕хмA╡ ╢╖eУ ВКБРA╢Б╖ 4БИ бЛє┤A╡см, aФ╖┤e╨ a╚│╖Б╖ DPFБ╖ БКб╣aР a╥┴ЙA╡ БФБ╨ в╗є╕ щмwбq╨a╖бЭс░, DPFA╡ БФe╨ ў╕┬╤e╨ б╖Б╨iЯ │ХбЙa╕a╨бЛ с╢q╨│╖бУaФ. a╡сЬЕж, a┤бпeУ aд┴╡ {Иб╖, б╗eРБ║ вбa╢й╖A╡eУ, й╖ееa╕╖Хa└╖Йє┤A╥┴╡ тмA╖e╡ЧаA╡см бЧI╣БдЙ┬aИaпБФВ└┴Й wЙA╖Б╖ OMA╖╫╤┴╤iЯ |┤wФaЙ е╗Ч╨e╨aФбЙ a╨eУ iдa╬aИ ╢╖Ў┤sпбУaФ. wЙA╖Б╖ OMA╖╫╤┴╤бЭ, б╗qЛaМб╗ й╖ееA╡смeУ aмw╢б╖ с┤aЭ╢╢хФ e╡внБ╕Чмвп DPF бХ│╖б╖ w╢б╖Б╨ │╗бУaФ. ╖ХwЙe╖, б╖хд iдa╬iЯ ┼╤w╡q╨┴Й ╖ХбпA╡, БФбЛб╡q╡б╖ ▒пbИe╨ БФбХбпб╗b╡A╡смeУ, a╨БЮiибЯ с╕A╖╫╤ wЙA╖aИ б╖w╢ aИwУБ╨б╗бХвЭ, aФбп e╨хд тмA╖є┤БЙ a╡сЬЕжA╡AЙ в┴БКa╨eУ aд│╖бУaФ. б╡iУ ▒пб═б╗ё┤A╡смeУ, ╖ХwЙЕкeа a┤бУaЬ х╕ВКA╡см a╕╖Хa└, тмA╖, ёмA╖, ┴╤b╨┼ЙeЭ бЛє┤Б╖ q└aИaИ ╢╖Ў┤sпбУaФ. б╡iУБ╖ ▒пб═б╗ё┤б╖ БЙбЛaИ AЦс┤, й╖ееA╡ ╢╖с┤см DPFБИiд┴Й беsЛб╖ бзв┤т╕a╖бЭ е╗Ч╨IЦ їИi╖ бЛБФa╨eбсм, БИA╥е╖aмiЯ aай├aМ s╨бУaФ. @4 б╖aпa┐()a╕╖Хa└Б║впA╥aм ;4 iдa╬БРw╢(б╖aпa┐ DPFБ╖ b╦╖╗) /БЦБИ й╧с╚бЭ щ╕┼╤вп(мMpR_I) a4 e╡внт╕е╖ PM б═│╗б╖ aИwУ /х╕i╡б╙с╚бЭ бнbИ a4 e╤Ч╨ wЙA╖A╡бХ A╖a╥ /AнaЬвгёмA╖бЭ PMi╖ б═│╗ a4 Ч┬bЙA╡ wИq╨. PM│╖a╕Б╖ a╟бЛA╡ wм┼ЙЇ┤б╖ EЛй╖e╨ б═│╗ ;4 й╗Б╖w╖sФ Ев e╤Б╕Б╖ aИbЙ, w╕БЬ с┤aУ ў╕бХБ╖ aИbЙб╖ IЦ їИе╖aИ. sФ e╤Б╕ ╖┤eмA┴A╣eУ a┤еУ Боb╕є┤ wмБ╚б╗eа, й╢ 200БФ ў╕бХaИ AЦeб 2е╔a└ i╟БЬaпA╡см DPF eФй╖БИA┴Б╖ aИbЙa╖бЭсм 60eаE╡ ў╕бХ. й╢ 3500БФ ў╕бХaМб╗ iУс┤aРeб, 40eаE╡ ў╕бХбЭ БРaЭiИ їИб╖aФ. Ев ╖ЙsЛA┴A╣, ў╕бзA┴A╣eУ с┤хШaИ. sФ retrofit ў╕бзA╡ БФБ╨смeУ б╖aпa┐a└A╡ БФБ╨смeУ wФe╡б╙ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└A╡см e╨aФ. a╚aмБ╖ a└A╡ БФБ╨смeУ, ACiдх╕бЛ в╤e╖ е┼a╦йЭсЬ wЧi╖ Бжb└a╨eУ wЧБ╖ х╕бЛБдхмi╖ a╨б╗ g┤i╖ Бо Ї┤бЛ БШЕвA╡ DPFA╡ ┼Йe╨ aФ╖┤e╨ ў╕беeУ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└A╡см A╣╖Йa╨бЙ, bИ aмA╡см БИб╣ БаAУщ┤, ў╕бз БаAУщ┤i╖ eаiЧс┤, bИbИ БФw╖a╨AЙ IЦ їИб╖aФ. Ев │╖wЙб╖ b╕e╖, Б╡iЯ iЧс┤ 2бгa╟еЭ б╖a╨Б╖ б═│╗I╖e╖ с┤хШaИ. sФ AнaЬвгёмA╖е╖ Бжв╗б═iЯ aмw╢a╨бЙ ╢╖бЛ БШЕвA╡, aЛ aФ╖ЙбХeУ EЛй╖a╨б╗ g┤a┤, e╟ їИБжс╚ b╕e╖ їИaМб╗ aФ╖┤a╨aФ. aФ╖┤e╨ a╟бЛБ╖ PMi╖ сИБ╖ й╖IЯт╕a╖бЭ б═│╗i╨ Бо ╢╖aФбЙ a╨eУ iЙ┴ЙaИ aР┴╡ ╢╖aФ. б═│╗I╖e╖ БФБИ 70-70%ў╕бХ. ;4 б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ iдa╬a╕aЮ ЕжтмБ╖eЙ - AнaЬвгёмA╖(Si-Ti-C-O)й╧с╚A╡ х╕бЛб╙с╚ wдвп: AнaЬвгёмA╖й╧с╚бЭсм Б║qЯе╢╖╔w╤a╖бЭ aмw╢ - Dual(й╧с╚iЯ 2БИ aмw╢a╨a╡ aКБФбЭ б═│╗ ╣г Б╕Чм) wдвп: б═│╗ 2бпeИ Б╕Чм 15Еж - ╖ХwЙбп wЧ 30БФ бпё╨Е╢Ч╨ Ч║ : 8eаkm б╖wм Б║Ч╨ - b╦Боa└╖Ь(б═a╟бЯa╧a╦)A╡ 20БФ s╚Б╕ 84й╖ееA╡смeУ DPF БИiдi╖ с╢a╨a╡ б╖aпa┐a╕╖Хa└ Б║┼Йa╖бЭ бЧI╣a╕╖Хa└┴╡ JARI(a╕╖Хa└e╡БКбн)aИ q└a╡a╨eУ е┼бнбпС╢ e╡БКaИ в┤ 5eСeИ е╗Ч╨AЦс┤ ╓╡a╖aР, A┬eЛБ╖ ╖Х╖╨a╖бЭeУ A╢ВКбЛЙоA╡ сФ e╟ ┼Й▒пi╖ БЦбЙ ╢╖eУ їИa╖бЭ ЕжтмQЦ. @4 б╖бзEХ(Ibiden)Б║впA╥aм ;4 iдa╬БРw╢ АЬ^